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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety affects 40 million adults in the United States. It is extremely treatable, and there are numerous medications available.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate postpartum anxiety treatment by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. In contrast to benzodiazepines, they're addictive.

SSRIs

The most commonly used anxiety medication is selective serotonin inhibits (SSRIs) which include citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These drugs are also used to treat depression and alleviate symptoms of anxiety disorders, such as obsessive compulsive disorder. They can take up to a month to start working.

These medications work by increasing the amount of certain chemical transmitters that are present in the brain. This includes serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine. These drugs are usually the first choice to treat anxiety, but doctors can also prescribe other types of antidepressants, also known as benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants, known as serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor), are also used to treat anxiety. They differ from SSRIs because they decrease norepinephrine, however at a lower level than SSRIs. These medicines take a long time to work and are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), such as imipramine (Tofranil) can be effective in treating some anxiety disorders, including GAD. Their drowsiness, along with other side effects make them less popular. Monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) are a different kind of antidepressant used to combat anxiety. However, their restrictions on diet and high risk of toxicity limit their use.

Benzodiazepines can be used to treat anxiety and panic attacks in the short-term, while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These drugs can lead to addiction to tolerance, sedation, and dependence as well as withdrawal symptoms such as a rebound anxiety, depression, and delirium. Common benzodiazepines include alprazolam (Xanax) as well as clonazepam (Klonopin) and lorazepam (Ativan).

Therapy is an important part of a treatment plan for anxiety because it allows you to discover more about the symptoms and the root causes. Many people find that both therapy and medication aid them manage their anxiety. Certain studies have demonstrated that cognitive behavioral therapy is as effective as anxiety medications. Talk to your doctor to determine what is the best option for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines have an calming effect, which can reduce anxiety and relax muscles. They also alleviate symptoms of fear-related bodily arousal (like heart rate, trembling and trembling) and encourage sleep.

They function by binding to inhibitory neurons, for example GABA or gamma aminobutryic acids at receptors in the central nervous system. They enhance GABA's effects by facilitating the inhibitory effects of GABA on other neurotransmitters and reducing the number of messages sent to amygdala. This is a region of the brain that is able to detect threats and creates a sense of fear.

These medications can be used for short periods of time, such as when you experience a panic attack or when you experience severe anxiety. They can relieve symptoms within 30 to 60 minutes. Unlike SSRIs they don't stay in the body for very long. They are fast-acting and often take effect in just a couple of hours, which makes them ideal for situations where quick relief is needed (like during a flight or before an address in public).

They can be addictive, so it is recommended to only prescribe them for up to 4 weeks at one time. They also lose their effectiveness after that time.

One of the reasons why benzodiazepines are so popular is that they are safe and have fewer adverse effects when compared to their predecessors such as barbiturates and meprobamate. They are effective and have a rapid onset, and can be used as anxiolytics to reduce anxiety. They can also be used as sedatives, anticonvulsants and muscle relaxants.

Benzos have been blamed for the negative perceptions of anxiety that developed in the 1970s and 1980s, including the trivialization of the disorder and the perception that benzodiazepine treatment causes physical dependence. Yet, benzodiazepines continue to play a crucial role in the treatment for anxiety disorders, particularly when combined with psychosocial interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy and other interpersonal therapies.

Benzos can interact with other medications and trigger undesirable side effects such as drowsiness and disorientation. It is important to inform your doctor be aware of any other prescription, non-prescription or herbal medicines you're considering or taking. You can determine which medications are safe to take along with benzodiazepines through the British National Formulary A-Z list of medication interactions.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can ease anxiety and other mental health problems. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved several antidepressants for other health ailments, too, such as eating disorders, certain kinds of pain and bipolar disorder.

SSRIs are typically prescribed as a first-line treatment of anxiety by doctors, but they may not work for everyone. If they fail doctors might look at the more traditional antidepressant known as tricyclic or tetracyclic antidepressants. These include amitriptyline or nortriptyline as well as clomipramine. They're not as popular as the latest antidepressants, but still available. You may ask your doctor to prescribe the sedating antidepressant trazodone(Desyrel), at lower doses in case you are experiencing sleep issues or anxiety.

Other antidepressants that can help include the nefazodone (Ferdinand) and duloxetine (Cymbalta). They are also available in generic form. If they do not work, your doctor may suggest the sedating antidepressant mirtazapine (Remeron) or the antipsychotics quetiapine or olanzapine.

Medications for other anxiety disorders include beta blockers, which reduce the heart rate and blood pressure by preventing the action of adrenaline. These drugs aren't usually used for anxiety alone, but can be helpful when used in conjunction with psychological therapy.

Psychotherapy can assist you to change negative thoughts and behaviors that cause anxiety. It can teach you to control your anxiety and learn strategies for coping. Based on the severity of your condition exposure therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy could be suggested. Cognitive behavioural therapy teaches you to overcome fears and thoughts that are harmful, and overcome your fear of situations that cause anxiety. Exposure therapy involves increasing the level of anxiety-inducing situations until they are manageable. This can be done individually or in a small group. In both cases it takes time to achieve results. Some people find that a combination of medication and psychotherapy is the best choice. However, others find that medication alone is sufficient to control their symptoms. Tell your doctor how you manage your symptoms.

Other Medical Treatments

While benzodiazepines and antidepressants are the most frequently prescribed treatment for anxiety, other drugs can help alleviate your symptoms as well. Antihistamines and beta blockers are often prescribed to ease anxiety.

These drugs correct an imbalance in the brain's chemicals and can help alleviate your symptoms by reducing or blocking signals that trigger anxiety and stress. They're not a panacea. You'll need to do things to reduce anxiety, like physical exercise, relaxation techniques and psychotherapy.

SSRIs or SNRIs are the first choice of anxiety medications that your doctor may prescribe. They are the most effective drugs for treating anxiety disorders, according to research studies. SSRIs are usually found in sertraline (Zoloft), Citropram, fluoxetine, gerd and anxiety panic attacks Treatment escitalopram. These medications might have mild side effects, like insomnia or nausea, but they typically subside within 4-8 weeks. Unlike the benzodiazepines, they're not addictive and do not increase your risk of having suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines, alprazolam (Xanax) as well as clonazepam (Klonopin) and diazepoxide (Valium) provide immediate relief for anxiety and panic attacks However, they can cause negative effects such as dizziness, drowsiness and coordination problems, and dependence. They're a less popular choice over the more traditional barbiturates however, they're equally effective.

Antihistamines like Vistaril (hydroxyzine), were designed to help with allergies, but they're also sometimes employed to alleviate anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks histamine receptors in the brain and may cause the body to relax. It is not a controlled substance and therefore does not carry the same risk of addiction as benzodiazepines.

Anticonvulsants are a different type of medication which can be used to treat anxiety. They have been found to decrease anxiety by inhibiting the production of and release of dopamine and sérotonin. These medications can be prescribed as a part of a combination therapy or used to treat anxiety in the short-term. Your doctor will assess your health history and symptoms to determine if these medications are appropriate for you. They will discuss the length of time you'll need these medications as well as any possible adverse effects that could occur. Anxiety medications are only available through prescription, so you'll need a psychiatrist to prescribe it.